DENOTATION:
indication: the act of indicating or pointing out by name
reference: The MOST direct and specific meaning of a word or expression.
CONNOTATION:
an idea, or meaning perhaps, which is implied or suggested once looking further beyond the denotation.
SIGNIFIER/SIGNIFIED:
The signifier is the pointing finger, the word, the sound-image.
A word is simply a jumble of letters. The pointing finger is not the star. It is in the interpretation of the signifier that meaning is created.
The signified is the concept, the meaning, the thing indicated by the signifier. It need not be a 'real object' but is some referent to which the signifier refers.
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